In criminal law. A combination or confederacy between two or more persons formed for the purpose of com-mitting, by their joint efforts, some unlaw-ful or criminal act, or some act which ls ln-noceut in Itself, but becomes unlawful when done by the concerted action of the conspira-tors, or for the purpose of using criminal or unlawful means to the commission of an act not in itself unlawful. Pettibone v. U. S., 148 U. S. 197, 13 Sup. Ct 542, 37 L. Ed. 419; State v. Slutz, 106 La. 182, 30 South. 29S; wright v. U. S., 108 Fed. 805, 48 C. C. A. 37; U. S. v. Benson, 70 Fed. 591, 17 C. C. A. 293; Girdner v. walker, 1 Heisk. (Tenn.) 186; Boutwell v. Marr, 71 Vt 1, 42 Atl. 607, 43 L. R. A. 803, 76 Am. St. Rep. 746; U. S. v. weber (C. C.) 114 Fed. 950; Comm. v. Hunt, 4 Metc. (Mass.) Ill, 38 Am. Dec. 346; Erdman v. Mitchell, 207 Pa. 79, 56 Atl. 327, 63 L. R. A. 534, 99 Am. St Rep. 783; Standard O11 Co. v. Doyle, 118 Ky. 662, 82 S. W. 271, 111 Am. Sh Rep. 331
